生活型

shrub

形態特徵

• An undershrub, 0.5-0.8 m high, often diffusely branched from the base; branches elongated, often spreading over ground; stems reddish-brown, somewhat hairy, 2-divergent at 2/3 of height.
• Leaves membranaceous, oblong, ovate or subcircular, 2.5–8 cm long, 2.5–5.3 cm wide, slightly oblique, acute at apex, rounded or slightly cordate at base, bitailed, serrate, 3–5-nerved, glabrescent and green on both surfaces; petioles glabrous, 0.8–4 cm long; stipules 2, subulate, 0.6–1 cm long.
• Flowers 5 mm long, opposite a leaf, solitary or 2 or 3; peduncles very short; pedicels nodate, 1.5 mm long; bracteoles several, divergent, 1.5–3.5 mm long; buds brown, obovate; sepals 5, green, glabrous, oblong-lanceolate, 4.0–4.5 mm long, 1.0–1.5 mm wide, acute at apex, truncate at base, reflexed during anthesis; petals 5, yellow, glabrous, obovate, 4 mm long, 2 mm wide, rounded at apex, elongated-cuneate and ciliate at base; gonophore short; stamens many; filaments slim, glabrous, 2.8–3.3 mm long; ovary cylindric, 1.3 mm long, 1.0 mm thick or less, 3–5-celled, the style slender, 2 mm long, the stigma enlarged, papillate.
• Capsules 2.0–3.0 cm long, 0.4-0.7 cm thick, narrowly cylindric, prominently longitudinally 6-, 8- or (10)-winged and 3-, 4- or (5)-valved, the valves 2-winged, projecting into a beak at apex; both wings meeting at beak and base; beaks erect and slightly dentate, 3–5 mm long; seeds horizontal, longitudinally 1-seriate between 2 adjacent valves, separated by obscure partitions, polyhedral, numerous, dark brown.

物候

Flowering time from September to November.

分布

• 台灣 : aiwan in open, waste or cultivated lands in the plains of the central and southern parts
• 世界 : Widely distributed in tropical Asia, Africa and the West Indies.

引證標本

NANTOU: Shuichangliu, Sasaki s. n. 1922. TAINAN: Tainan, Yasukawa s. n. 1922. KAOHSIUNG: Chishan, Suzuki 5830. PENGHU: Tungliang, Chen s. n. 1933. PINGTUNG: Chauchiu, Sasaki s. n. 1935*; Santimen, Lo s. n. 1971. Ako, Matuda 673*. HUALIEN: Hualien, Kawakami & Shimada s. n. 1868.

參考文獻

• LIU, TANG-SHUI and LO, HANN-CHIANG, Flora of Taiwan, second edition 3: 725. .  (Fl. Taiwan 2nd edit.)